RIGIDITY & TREMOR CONTROLLERS

Top 10 Rigidity & Tremor Controllers in India-  Over the last decade, the momentum of research on Parkinson's disease has increased alongside the emergence of new technologies. Most videos show how one is subjected to tremors and rigidity in the body, creating a demand for treatment interventions. In the Indian sub-continental zone, many of the drugs are effective in controlling these symptoms improving the general state of the patients. Here, we will discuss the top 10 rigidity and tremor controllers available in India, their uses and benefits. 

Understanding Rigidity and Tumor 

The condition of rigidity is where there is a symptom of muscle stiffening that makes it hard for the patient to execute the movements smoothly. Tremors refer to the non-voluntary shaking of the limbs(hands or legs) whereby muscles of those regions are exhausted and contracting with rhythm. Some of these symptoms can be presented in medical topography in relation to many diseases, particularly neurological ones, however, they are most commonly seen in patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease.

Common causes of Rigidity and Tremors 

  • Parkinson’s Disease: The most common cause, involves degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons.
  • Essential Tremor: Uncontrollable tremors as a form of a stress-related neurological condition. 
  • Multiple Sclerosis: An illness of the CNS that can contribute to shaking and rigidity in the muscles. 

Why Treatment is Necessary 

It is important to take care of the rigidities and tremors as they hamper daily activities and the rest of the life span.

Below we share the list of the top 10 Rigidity & Tremor Controllers in India.

1. Levodopa-Carbidopa 

Levodopa and carbidopa are considered the gold standard of therapy for Parkinson's disease. Levodopa is a precursor of dopamine, which is lower in patients with Parkinson's. It is converted by the brain to produce dopamine, whose deficiency is responsible for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's. Carbidopa delays peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine so that more of it reaches the brain.
Action: Enhances the dopamine levels in the brain to improve the motor symptoms.
Advantages: Most effective to decrease rigidity and tremor.
It may have problems such as motor fluctuations and dyskinesia-involuntary movements. It is also associated with nausea and dizziness.

2. Pramipexole 

Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist that acts as the analog for dopamine in the brain. Usually, it is started in early Parkinson's disease among young patients as the initial treatment to delay the onset of levodopa.
Mechanism of Action: Acts through stimulation of dopamine receptors for relief of motor features.
Benefits: It slows down the progression of dependency towards levodopa and decreases "off" time when patients suffer from symptoms.
Side Effects Considerations: Dizziness, hallucinations, impulse control disorders, compulsive gambling, hypersexuality.

3. Ropinirole

Ropinirole belongs to a class of drugs known as dopamine agonists. The drug is used to help control symptoms of Parkinson's disease such as stiffness or shaking in facets of the body along with tremors, among others. The drug could be used alone or along with levodopa.
Mechanism of action: It stimulates dopamine receptors, which help in the treatment of symptoms of movement.
Benefits: Useful in controlling early signs or as an adjunct to levodopa therapy.
Side effects: These can cause similar adverse effects to pramipexole, such as nausea, dizziness, and sleep disturbances.

4. Amantadine

As an antiviral drug, amantadine has unexpectedly proven useful in controlling tremor and levodopa-induced dyskinesia. It increases dopamine release and blocks some excitatory receptors in the brain.
Mechanism: Increases dopamine levels, and blocks excitatory receptors in the brain.
Benefits: It is useful as an adjunct therapy in managing motor symptoms and treating dyskinesias.
Side Effects: Hallucinations, edema, mental changes, such as inability to concentrate.

5. Trihexyphenidyl 

Trihexyphenidyl is an anticholinergic drug that eases tremor and muscle rigidity due to the inhibition of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter, which impairs dopamine transmission.
Action: Reduces the activity of acetylcholine to enhance the motor function.
Advantages: Very useful in managing tremors in young Parkinson's patients.
Considerations: May cause dry mouth, constipation, impaired memory, and blurry vision, which makes it less ideal for geriatric patients.

6. Rasagiline 

Rasagiline exerts its effects by inhibiting monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B). It selectively acts on the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which breaks down dopamine, a precursor, to maintain higher levels of dopamine in the brain. It can be used in combination with levodopa.
Mechanism: It acts to inhibit the breakdown of dopamine so that more dopamine is present in the brain.
Benefits: Ameliorate the fluctuation of motor and gain control over symptoms.
Side effects: Headache, joint pain, and flu-like condition sometimes. It may be a drug-drug interaction, like in antidepressant drugs.
7. Safinamide 
Safinamide is an MAO-B inhibitor that acts as an additional unique dual mechanism of action, simultaneously inhibiting dopamine degradation and modulating glutamate release. It is very helpful in controlling the "off" episodes in patients with Parkinson's disease who are also on levodopa.
Mechanism: Increases release of dopamine and affects glutamate to reduce the motor symptoms.
Benefits: Gradual improvement in symptoms with increased motor fluctuations.
Side effects: Vomiting, insomnia, and hypertension.
To be used with caution since it may cause severe complications in patients with severe disease condition of the liver.
8. Propranolol 
While these drugs are primarily used for the treatment of essential tremors, propranolol, a beta-blocker, also reduces the Parkinson's-associated tremor. It is more effective at treating hand tremors and is therefore commonly prescribed off-label for the disease.
Mechanism: It reduces the amplitude of the tremors by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors.
Benefits: Especially useful in the condition where there is an anxiety-induced or posture-related tremor.
Considerations: Tends to induce dizziness, hypotension, and asthenia. It is contraindicated in asthma or some heart conditions.
9. Tolcapone 
Tolcapone is an inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). It makes more levodopa available to the brain because it doesn't break down in the body.
Mechanism: Act on COMT enzyme to inhibit its activity; hence, increased action of levodopa within the brain.
Benefits: Increase in "on" time hours spent with symptoms under control.
There are factors like toxicity of the liver, and thus tests for liver function need to be conducted frequently. It is usually prescribed only when other therapies fail to alleviate symptoms.
10. Entacapone 
Entacapone is another drug in the class of COMT inhibitors which is comparable to that of tolcapone but with a more tolerable side-effect profile. Entacapone is used in conjunction with levodopa-carbidopa to improve drug efficacy.
Mechanism: Levodopa breakdown inhibition, leads to more levodopa within the brain.
Benefits: Reduces the "off" time and provides better symptom control
Considerations: Common side effects are diarrhea, urine discoloration, and abdominal discomfort. It is less likely to cause liver complications than tolcapone.

FAQ’s Top 10 Rigidity & Tremor Controllers in India

1. What are some of the key benefits of offering rigidity and tremor controllers with our product?
This will increase your neurology portfolio, respond to the growing demand from patients, and harness the growing market for therapies for Parkinson's disease.
2. How do you sell rigidity and tremor controllers to healthcare providers?
Emphasize the clinical effectiveness, patient results, and support services. You can also attempt to teach providers through education materials and case histories.
3. Can you provide these medicines in bulk?
 Yes, of course, we provide every drug in the bulk quantity. 

Neuropsychiatry Derma / Skincare